A monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky
Located on the St. Sophia's Square
Everything: the subway station. Golden Gate, walk on the street. Vladimir to St. Sophia's Square
A monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky is a symbol of Kiev. Installed it in honor of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky - an outstanding military leader, statesman, who led an uprising of the Ukrainian people against the domination of the Commonwealth. Also known Bohdan Khmelnytsky signed the agreement on the Pereiaslav Parliament, has made allies of Muscovy and the Ukraine.
In the mid-nineteenth century, the Ukrainian cultural figures had the idea to erect a monument to Bohdan Khmelnytsky in Kiev or Pereyaslav. Responses to the question of who first came up with this idea, no. Blame shared two professors Mikhail and Nikolai Maksimovich Kostomarov. His plan was made possible thanks to Michael Yuzefovich, also a professor, is the head of the Kiev Archaeological Commission. The project was to create a monument to a very famous at that time painter and sculptor Mikhail Mikeshin.
The first draft of the monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky was done in style and scope. On the granite mound, on prancing steed sat Hetman. Under the hoofs of a horse planned to depict the flattened body of a Jesuit priest, covered with a Polish flag, lay next to the links of chains. Hetman downed horse, flew from the rock figures of the Polish Jew, and Pan-tenant. Below, under a rock must have been another 4 figures - blind kobza and his listeners: Belarusian, Little Russian, Great Russian, and chervonoross. On the granite carved bas-reliefs and the Battle of Zbarazh Entry troops Khmelnytsky in Kiev.
Political motives and lack of funds for the creation of a monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky, led to the fact that the composition is much more modest. Were rejected by the Polish flag, anti-Semitic themes, disappeared from the monument kobzar figure, his listeners, as well as bas-reliefs.
Navy donated for the construction of a monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1600 pounds (25.6 tons) of old naval brass. And in 1877, has finally been made a plaster model, and in 1879 in St. Petersburg, on the casting-mechanical plant Byrd, with the participation of sculptors Pius Adamovich Velionskogo and Artemia Lavrent'evich Aubert, the composition finally cast out of metal.
Place for the monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky was determined in the course of a long dispute - it was decided that this would be the area of ??Sofia. But suddenly came a ban from St. Petersburg. The fact that the monument would be located between the altar wall of the Kyiv Sophia (St. Sophia) and the building of the Cathedral of St. Michael's Cathedral. Since the hetman mace was to be directed towards the threat of Poland, it appeared that the horse Bohdan Khmelnytsky was turned his back on the altar wall of St. Sophia Cathedral, which is exactly what will be seen instead of the Christian shrines are numerous pilgrims. In addition, the views of the cathedral was closed by the Downtown. Kiev clergymen wrote a complaint to the Synod and the monument because of this some time standing on the Bessarabian area.
Eight years of waiting for the completion of the finished monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky Starokievsky courtyard of the police station because of money on a granite pedestal was not enough. Kyiv residents joked that the hetman, "arrived without pashporta" and he was arrested. Finally, in 1886 from the city treasury was allocated 12,000 rubles, and the council gave the Kiev fortress to build the pedestal of the monument 30 cubic yards of granite, which remained from the building supports the Chain Bridge, after which the architect Vladimir Nikolaev, and built a pedestal for the monument. Kiev architect, worked for free, and the money that was saved, spent on the establishment of a fence around the monument with lanterns.
In order not to offend the faithful nervous, sculptural launched, after which the club has become more threatening to Sweden, but not in the direction of Poland. Contrary to popular opinion, in the direction of Moscow club was not focused than ever. The truth about the involvement of Russia said the inscription on the pedestal: "We want a king of the Eastern, Orthodox," and "Bogdan Khmelnitsky single indivisible Russia." In 1919 and 1924 this caption was changed to "Bogdan Khmelnitsky. In 1888," which has been preserved to the present.
As a result, July 11, 1888, during the celebration of the 900th anniversary of the Baptism of Russia, a monument to Bogdan Khmelnitsky was finally installed and consecrated.
It's like a horseman at full gallop the horse stops to appeal to the people. Very fast and gracefully passed this motion. Just made a portrait likeness of the prototype, the details of clothing. The sculpture is available for the panoramic view that makes it possible to consider all the details of the composition, which worked out very carefully.
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